CSS.la Study Group #6: Using CSS Grid Today!

A presentation at CSS.la Study Group #6: Using CSS Grid Today! in November 2018 in Los Angeles, CA, USA by Scott Gruber

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Using CSS Grid Today Scott Gruber Los Angeles, November 2018

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History of Web Layouts • • • • Table Floats Flexbox CSS Grid

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CSS Grid Layout shipped in production browsers 2017.

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CSS Grid Layout brings a twodimensional grid system to the Web.

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Overview • • • • • • • Grid terminology Grid display Creating the grid template Naming grid areas Placing grid items Implicit grid behavior Grid spacing and alignment

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“A grid is an intersecting set of horizontal and vertical lines”

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Grid display: grid;

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Grid Rows grid-template-rows grid-row

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Grid Columns grid-template-columns grid-column

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Grid Gap grid-gap

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Grid Area grid-template-areas grid-area

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Grid Terminology

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Creating a Grid Container To make an element a grid container, set its display property to grid. All of its children automatically become grid items. The markup

<div id="layout"> <div id="one">One</div> <div id="two">Two</div> <div id="three">Three</div> <div id="four">Four</div> <div id="five">Five</div> </div> The styles #layout { display: grid; }

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Defining Row and Column Tracks grid-template-rows grid-template-columns • The value of grid-tempate-rows is a list of the heights of each row track in the grid. • The value of grid-template-columns is a list of the widths of each column track in the grid. #layout { display: grid; grid-template-rows: 100px 400px 100px; grid-template-columns: 200px 500px 200px; } • The number of sizes provided determines the number of rows/ columns in the grid. This grid in the example above has 3 rows and 3 columns.

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Track Size Values The CSS Grid spec provides a lot of ways to specify the width and height of a track. Some of these ways allow tracks to adapt to available space and/or to the content they contain: • Lengths (such as px or em) • Percentage values (%) • Fractional units (fr) • minmax() • min-content, max-content • auto • fit-content()

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Giving Names to Grid Areas grid-template-areas • grid-template-areas lets you assign names to areas in the grid to make it easier to place items in that area later. • The value is a list of names for every cell in the grid, listed by row. • When neighboring cells share a name, they form a grid area with that name.

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Fractional Units (fr) The Grid-specific fractional unit (fr) expands and contracts based on available space: #layout { display: grid; grid-template-rows: 100px 400px 100px; grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr 200px; }

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Giving Names to Grid Areas (cont’d) #layout { display: grid; grid-template-rows: [header-start] 100px [content-start] 400px [footerstart] 100px; grid-template-columns: [ads] 200px [main] 1fr [links] 200px; grid-template-areas: "header header header" "ads main links" "footer footer footer" }

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Simple Page

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HTML <div class="grid"> <header>Header</header> <nav> <ul> <li><a href="">Home</a></li> </ul> </nav> <article> <h1>Article</h1> <p>Content for my article would go here.</p> </article> <aside>Aside</aside> <section>Section</section> <footer>Footer</footer> </div>

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Simple Page

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Placing items on a Grid .grid { display: grid; grid-gap: 10px; grid-template-areas: "header" "nav" "article" "aside" "section" "footer"; } header { grid-area: header; } nav { grid-area: nav; } article { grid-area: article; } aside { grid-area: aside; } footer { grid-area: footer; }

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Repeating Track Sizes The shortcut repeat() function lets you repeat patterns in track sizes: repeat(#, track pattern) The first number is the number of repetitions. The track sizes after the comma provide the pattern: BEFORE: grid-template-columns: 200px 20px 1fr 20px 1fr 20px 1fr 20px 1fr 20px 1fr 20px 1fr 200px; AFTER: grid-template-columns: 200px repeat(5, 20px 1fr) 200px; (Here repeat() is used in a longer sequence of track sizes. It repeats the track sizes 20px 1fr 5 times.)

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Feature Queries The @supports CSS at-rule lets you specify declarations that depend on a browser's support for one or more specific CSS features. This is called a feature query.

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Feature Queries @supports (display: grid) { display: grid; grid-gap: 1em; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)); }

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Bootstrap 12 column grid

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Bootstrap 12 column grid

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"Grid lets us move away from bootstrap 12 column grids"

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“Grids can help you create magazine layouts on the web”

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“Don’t just choose a grid. Design it!” –Nathan Ford founder of Gridset

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“The Fonmon”

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“The Gertsner”

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“The Gertsner”

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“The Carson”

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Andy Clarke, Head of Creative at Stuff and Nonsense. Design consultant and mentor. Author of “Art Direction for the Web” @malarkey https://stuffandnonsense.co.uk

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“Art direction and design helps your audience feel something”

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Cool CSS to explore in 2019 • Layout - CSS Grid and Flexbox • Multi-column layout • Floats as originally designed. • CSS Shapes, Transforms and Animations • Feature queries